Diabetes mellitus significantly impacts kidney health, with chronic hyperglycaemia leading to diabetic nephropathy and progressive kidney dysfunction. Lifestyle factors, including suboptimal nutrition, physical inactivity, and obesity, not only elevate diabetes risk but also underpin the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, interconnected pathologies that further compromise kidney outcomes. Contemporary management strategies encompass tight glycaemic control, optimisation of blood pressure, and the utilisation of agents such as ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and SGLT2 inhibitors, which have demonstrable efficacy in slowing kidney function decline. Multidisciplinary approaches focusing on lifestyle modification and early intervention are essential for slowing progression and improving prognosis.